The Chrysler Corporation
manufactured M4(75)s featuring cast front ends joined to welded rear hulls. The
US Army did not create a new designation in order to distinguish them from
completely welded hull M4s; officially, all of them were "Tank, Medium,
M4, 75mm, Dry." In period documents, such as unit rosters and even some
Ordnance Dept. Test Reports, these were frequently misidentified as M4A1s. For
convenience, we will use the popular term "M4 Composite." The British
designated them as "Sherman I Hybrid." Chrysler produced 1676 M4
Composites from August 1943 through January 1944.
Production
Order T-7903 : 580 tanks manufactured : Serial Number 44228 / USA 30100462 through S/N 44807 /
USA 30101041 (August-December 1943)
Production Order
T-7281: 698 tanks
manufactured:
Serial
Number 58623 / USA 3098789 through S/N 59320 / USA 3099486
(November 1943 -
January 1944)
Production Order T-10888 : 398 tanks manufactured : Serial Number 59321 / USA 3031184 through S/N 59718 /
USA 3031581 (December 1943 - January 1944)
In addition, ALCO has manufactured an unknown number of M4 Composite
tanks. As for today, only tanks of the last ALCO Production Order have been
identified as being Composites.
Click on the pictures for larger size
The original Sherman design
included both cast and welded upper hulls. In the rush to increase production,
it was noted that cast hulls could be manufactured cheaper and faster than
welded hulls, with "a large saving of welding rod and labor." However, in
October 1942, it was concluded that while conversion to all cast hulls might be
advantageous, it was not feasible under the current industrial conditions. In
that same month, the Ordnance Department in conjunction with the Chrysler
Corporation, began design work on a cast front end that offered a partial
solution to the higher cost of the all welded upper hull, since the front is
where a good deal of the welding man-hours were spent. Also, the front casting
as shown above, was a fraction of the size of a complete cast hull, so could be
produced by smaller capacity foundries.
Prototypes were often made
using existing Shermans. In this case, Chrysler removed the original welded
front section and retrofitted their new casting. Note the the absence of
appliqué armor and gun travel lock, as well as the old style commander's blade
sight, and the earlier one piece differential housing.